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bASIS OF NAME

AFYON WHITE

Turkey, Afyon

marble

white (grayish, yellowish)

marble

0.1%

Paleozoic limestones metamor-phosed probably in Terciery

AFYON, A. bEYAZ, incorrect names with: AFION, APHYON, similar variety: AFYON SUGAR (A. YELLOW, A. HONEY WHITE)

bIANCO CARRARA UNITO and CREMA DELICATO (Italy), bLANCO MACAEL (Spain), THASSOS WHITE and PENTELIKON (Greece), SIVEC (Macedonia)

AFYON = city, province

AGHIA MARINA

Greece, Attiki

marble

white + light grey, cloudy

marble

 (0.1%)

limestones metamor-phosed in Terciery

SEMI-WHITE OF AGHIA MARINA, SANTA MARINA, incorrect name: AGIA MARINA

PILLION WHITE (Greece), partially GREY OF ALIVERY (Greece)

AGHIA MARINA = town (Saint Mary)

ARAbESCATO
Italy, Toscana

marble

white – greyish fragments in light to dark grey backround

brecciated marble, fine-grained

0.15-0.25%

Jurassic limestones metamor-phosed during Terciery

varieties: ARAbESCATO VAGLI,  A. CORCHIA, A. CERVAIOLE, A. CARRARA, A. FANIELLO, A. ARNI, A. MOSSA, A. FANTASTICO, A. GIOIA

partially bIANCO bROUILLE, bIANCO MADIELLE, PIASTRACCIA, STATUARIO VENATO and some CALACATTA (Italy)

ARAbESCATO = approximately ornamental, decorative; traditional name for the marble type

AURISINA

Italy, Friuli – Venezia Giullia

marble

grey-beige + brown-grey + cream

fossiliferous limestone (with rudists)

0.1-1.2% (medium compact limestone)

Cretaceous

varieties: AURISINA FIORITA (A. FIORITO), A. GRANITELLO, A. CHIARA, REPEN CLASSICO, REPEN ZOLLA,  FIOR DI MARE, ROMAN STONE

partially VALTURA (Croatia), VINKURAN (Croatia), VESELJE  (Croatia), LUCIA (Slovenia), MIRAbELLE (Portugal), MOLEANOS AZUL (Portugal)

AURISINA = site

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AZUL CIELO

Argentina, Cordoba

marble

light blue, white bluish (yellowish, greyish) waves

marble

0.15-0.2%

?

bLUE SKY (the same name also for brazilian marble – AZUL CELESTE)

AZUL CELESTE (brazil), AZZURRO ACQUAMARINA (brazil), CHILLAGOE MARbLE (Australia)

AZUL CIELO = sky blue

bARDIGLIO 

Italy, Toscana

marble

grey, dark grey and light grey spots, clouds, streaks, veins

marble, fine-grained

0.1-0.2%

Jurassic limestones metamor-phosed during Terciery

varieties: bARDIGLIO IMPERIALE (SCURO or CHIARO), b. NUVOLATO (NUVOLATO APUANO), bARDIGLIETTO, bARDIGLIO bLUETTE, b. FIORITO, b.  COSTA, b. CAPELLA, bLUE VENATO D`ITALIA

bARDIGLIO IMPERIALE: partially AFYON GREY (Turkey), GREY OF TRANOVALTOS and bLACK OF DAMASTA (Greece), b. NUVOLATO: RUIVINA (Portugal), AFYON TIGER SKIN (Turkey), partially bHAINSLANA bLACK (India), TRIGACHES (Portugal), SOLAR GREY (USA), MONCERVETTO (Italy)

bARDIGLIO = traditional name for this marble type

bEAUMANIERE
France, bourgogne
limestone

cream-beige with gold waved belts (spots)

oolitic (?) limestone

(2-6.5%)

probably Jurassic

varieties: bEAUMANIERE LIGHT, b. DARK, b. CLASSIC; incorrect names: bEAUMANNIERE, bEAUMENIERE

PIERRE DE NOD and bEAUVILLON (France), partially bEAUHARNAIS (France), CHASSAGNE (France), MOCA CREME FINE GRAIN (Portugal), some SEMI-RIJO (Portugal)

bEAUMANIERE = artificial word from French words

bELGIAN bLACK

belgium, Namur

marble

black

micritic limestone

0.1-0.15%

(compact limestone)

Devonian

NOIR DE bELGIQUE, NERO bELGIO

MACEDONIAN bLACK (Greece)

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bIANCO CARRARA 

Italy, Toscana

marble

white – greyish (grey shade increases from b to D) with light grey spots (UNITO) or grey thin veins (VENATO)

marble (some veined), fine-grained

0.1-0.2%

Jurassic limestones metamor-phosed during Terciery

CARRARA WHITE, CARRARA MARbLE, CARRARA, incorrect names with: CARARA, CARRERA,

pure varieties: bIANCO CARRARA C („C“), b. C. CD (C/D, „CD“), b. C. D,

b. C. UNITO (b, C, D), bIANCO ORDINARIO, bIANCO ARNI, bIANCO LAVAGNINA, STATUARIO ALTISSIMO, ORTO DI DONNA, bIANCO P, bIANCO ACQUAbIANCA, veined varieties: b. C. VENATO (C, D), (bIANCO) VENATO GIOIA, (bIANCO) VENATINO GIOIA, bIANCO MADIELLE

bIANCO CARRARA UNITO: bIANCO LASA (Italy), bLANCO MACAEL (Spain), PENTELIKON, PIGHES, VERIA, PAROS MARbLE, NESTOS WHITE and THASSOS (Greece), SIVEC (Macedonia), AGARIA and AMbAJI WHITE (India), AFYON WHITE and MUGLA W. (Turkey), ALAbAMA WHITE (USA); bIANCO CARRARA VENATO: bIANCO VENATO VAGLI and bIANCO VENATINO STATUARIO (Italy), partially ULIANO VENATO (Italy), MAKRANA ALbETA (India), ROYAL DANbY (USA)

CARRARA = town

bIANCO PERLINO

Italy, Veneto

marble 

white-cream with waved darker veins

micritic limestone with stylolites

0.1-0.2%

(compact limestone) 

Jurassic - Cretaceous

bIANCONE,  PERLINO bIANCO, bIANCO ASIAGO, bIANCONE ASIAGO

PIETRA LESSINIA bIANCA (Italy), partially CREMO bELLO (Turkey), bRANCO DO MAR (Portugal), according structure: ROSA PERLINO (Italy)

bIANCO = white, PERLINO = light cream-coloured horse, bIANCONE = bird of prey

bLANCO MACAEL 

Spain, Andalucia

marble

white (greyish streaks)

marble, medium-grained

0.05-0.15%

Triassic limestones metamor-phosed during Terciery

WHITE MACAEL (MARbLE), M. WHITE (MARbLE), varieties: bLANCO TRANCO, b. RIO, b. LIJAR, GRIS MACAEL

partially bIANCO CARRARA and bIANCO LASA (Italy), PENTELIKON, PIGHES, VERIA and THASSOS (Greece), SIVEC (Macedonia), AGARIA and AMbAJI WHITE (India), AFYON WHITE and MUGLA W. (Turkey)

MACAEL = site

bOTTICINO 

Italy, Lombardia

marble

cream-beige with cream spots

fossiliferous limestone (with oncoids)

0.15-0.2%

(compact limestone) 

Jurassic

varieties: bOTTICINO CLASSICO, bOTTICINO SEMICLASSICO, bOTTICINO FIORITO

GALALA (Egypt), ROYAL bOTTICINO (Iran), TRANI CLASSICO (Italy), bURSA bEIGE (Turkey), bEIGE OF LIGOURIO (Greece)

bOTTICINO = site

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bRECCIA AURORA 

Italy, Lombardia

marble

beige, gold, cream, brown

limestone breccia

0.2-0.45%

(compact limestone)

Jurassic

partially GIALLO REALE, bRECCIA ONICIATA, GIALLO PROVENZA and bRECCIA PERNICE (Italy), SARRANCOLIN OPERA and  NOISETTE FLEURY (France),  KOKINOVRACHOS (Greece)

bRECCIA = rock from broken pieces

bRECCIA ONICIATA

Italy, Lombardia

marble

beige, cream, gold

limestone breccia

0.2-0.45%

(compact limestone)

Jurassic

variety:  bRECCIA DAMASCATA (bRECCIA ONICIATA DAMASCATA), incorrect with ONICATA, ONICATO, DAMASCATTA

partially bRECCIA AURORA and CREMA MORA (Italy), bRECCIA OF KARNEZEIKA (Greece), bILECIK bEIGE (Turkey), NAPOLEON GRAND MELANGE (France), CHIAMPO MANDORLATO (Italy)

bRECCIA = rock from broken pieces; ONICIATA = of onyx appearance (banded)

bRECCIA PERNICE 

Italy, Veneto

marble

brown-red, beige, cream, pink

limestone breccia

0.2-0.45%

(compact limestone)

Jurassic

bRECHE PERNICE

partially bRECCIA AURORA, ARAbESCATO ORObICO, GIALLO REALE and MACCHIA VECCHIA (Italy), RODOHORI (Greece), NOISETTE FLEURY (France)

bRECCIA = rock from broken pieces; PERNICE = partridge (bird)

bRECHA TAVIRA

Portugal, Faro

marble

rose-beige, brown-grey

dolomitic limestone breccia

0.2-0.6%

(compact limestone)

Jurassic

bRECCIA TAVIRA, bRECHE TAVIRA, varieties: bRECHA TAVIRA VERMELHA, CARAMEL ROSE (bR. TAVIRA ROSE), CAFÉ ROSITA, bRECHA PEROLA (b. LIOZ)

partially bRECHA ROSADA and MARRON EMPERADOR (Spain), bRUN FLEURI and bRECHE NOUVELLE (France), RASOTICA (Croatia)

bRECHA = breccia - rock from broken pieces; TAVIRA = town

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bRECHE NOUVELLE

France, Languedoc-Roussillon

marble

brown-grey dark and light, beige-gold, white

limestone breccia

(0.1%)

(compact limestone)

Jurassic

bRECCIA NOUVELLE, incorrect names with NOVELLE, NOUVELLA, NOVELLA

partially MARRON EMPERADOR (Spain), bRECHA TAVIRA (Portugal), bRECCIA PARADISO (Italy), bRECHA PORTUGUESA (Portugal), SAINT JEAN FLEURI (France)

bRECHE = breccia - rock from broken pieces; NOUVELLE = Port la Nouvelle site

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CALACATTA 

Italy, Toscana

marble

white – greyish fragments in  beige, grey, brown or brown-red, backround

brecciated marble, fine-grained

0.1-0.25%

Jurassic limestones metamor-phosed during Terciery

CALACATA;

varieties: CALACATTA VAGLI, C. VAGLI EXTRA, C. VAGLI ROSATO,  C. ORO (GOLD), C. MACCHIA ORO, C. CREMO, C. CARRARA, C. CRESTOLA,  C. GREY, C. bIANCO, C. FANTASIA; incorrect names with CALCATTA

bRECCIA ROSATA VERSILIA, partially PAONAZZO and PAONAZZETTO (Italy), MUGLA SUGAR and AFYON HONEY (Turkey), IMPERIAL DANbY (USA), VOLAKAS (Greece)

CALACATTA = traditional name for this marble type

CALIZA CAPRI

Spain, Andalucia

limestone

cream with beige points

oolitic limestone

1-2.5%

Jurassic - Cretaceous

CREMA CAPRI

CREMA MARFIL, CREMA EUROPA and C. bEIDA (Spain), partially SEMI-RIO DO ARRIMAL (Portugal)

CALIZA = limestone, CAPRI = goat, maybe according Cabra town 

CIPOLLINO APUANO

Italy, Toscana

marble

white, light green, grey bands,  streaks and waves

marble, fine-grained

0.1-0.2%

Mesozoic limestones metamor-phosed during Terciery

VERDE CIPOLLINO (APUANO), not quite correct names: C. VERDE, C. MARbLE, MARMO C. because of misleading with similar marble from Greece; varieties: FANTASTICO, ZEbRINO

GREEN OF STYRA (Greece), partially GREEN SHADOW (Greece), LOTUS GREEN (China), INDO-ITALIAN (India)

CIPOLLINO = traditional name for this marble type = little onion (onion-like belts)

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CHIAMPO

Italy, Veneto

marble

beige (rose), grainy with grey-brownish veins

fossiliferous limestone with nummulites and stylolites

0.15-0.5%

(medium compact limestone)

Paleogene

CHIAMPO ROSATO, C. PAGLIERINO, C. MANDORLATO, C. PERLATO

partially ROSA TEA (Turkey), MOCA CREME (Portugal),  SILVIA and SUNNY (Egypt), bEIGE OF IOANNINA and bEIGE OF MISSOLONGI (Greece)

CHIAMPO = town

CHINA bLACK

China

marble

black with white veins

micritic limestone with veinlets

(0.1-0.2%)

(compact limestone)

Paleozoic - Mesozoic

NERO CHINA

NOIR SAINT LAURENT (France), NEGRO MARQUINA (Spain),  TOROS bLACK (Turkey), partially bLACK OF DAMASTA and bLACK OF CRESTA (Greece)

COMbLANCHIEN

France, bourgogne

limestone

beige-cream with rare darker spots

oolitic limestone

(0.5%)

Jurassic

COMbLANCHIEN CLAIR, COMbLANCHIEN LM

CORTON (France), VIDRACO ATAIJA (Portugal), bURSA bEIGE (Turkey), TRANI CLASSICO (Italy)

COMbLAN-CHIEN = site

COTSWOLD STONE

United Kingdom, Gloucestershire

limestone

beige up to gold

oolitic limestone (with some fossils)

7.5-11%

Jurassic

COTSWOLD LIMESTONE, COTSWOLD, varieties:  COTSWOLD bUFF, C. HILL QUARRY CREAM, C.H.Q. HONEY, WEATHERED C.

partially SAINT MARC JAUNE, CHASSAGNE and COMbLANCHIEN (France), JERUSALEM GOLD (Israel)

COTSWOLD = Cotswold Hills

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CREMA EUROPA 

Spain, Murcia

limestone

cream with beige-grey points

oolitic limestone

(0.2-1%)

Jurassic - Cretaceous

CALIZA CAPRI, CREMA bEIDA and C. MARFIL (Spain)

CREMA = cream

CREMA MARFIL

Spain,Valencia and Murcia

marble

cream with beige points

fossiliferous limestone with algae and nummulites

0.15-0.2%

(0.1-0.5%)

(compact limestone)

Paleogene

varieties: CREMA MARFIL CLASICO (CLASSICO), C. M. ZAFRA, C. M. COTO, C. M. EXTRA, C. M. SELECT;  not quite correct: CREAM MARFIL, CREMA MARFIM (brazilian granite)

CALIZA CAPRI, CREMA bEIDA and C. EUROPA (Spain)

CREMA = cream;

MARFIL = ivory

CREMA VALENCIA 

Spain, Valencia

marble

gold - beige (pinkish) with rose veins

micritic limestone with fossils and stylolites

0.15-0.4%

(compact limestone)

probably Jurassic

not quite correct: CREAM VALENCIA, CREME V.; variety: ROSA VALENCIA

partially ALPENINA (Portugal), TRANI FIORITO and FILETTO ROSSO (Italy), bEIGE bRECCIA OF MYCENAE (Greece), ARYA FILETO ROSSO and PARS FILETO ROSSO (Iran), ROSALIA (Turkey)

CREMA = cream; VALENCIA = city and country

CREMO DELICATO 

Italy, Toscana

marble

white – yellowish with gold streaks

marble, fine-grained

0.1-0.2%

Jurassic limestones metamor-phosed during Terciery

CREMA DELICATO

partially CIPOLLINO DORATO, PALISSANDRO CLASSICO and CALACATTA VAGLI (Italy), AFYON SUGAR and AFYON YELLOW (Turkey),  PENTELIKON (Greece), ESTREMOZ CREME (Portugal)

CREMO = cream;

DELICATO = delicate